STATES OF MATTER

INTRODUCTION

  • Everything we see in this universe is made up of a material, that material is termed as matter.
  • It has volume as well as mass.
  • The matter has been classified into 5 basic elements – air, earth, fire, sky, and water.
  • The matter is made up of particles that are very small in size.

STATES OF MATTER – 

  • Matter around us exists in 3 states – solid, liquid, and gas.
  • These states of matter have aroused due to the variations in the characteristic of the particles of matter.

SOLID-STATE

  • All the matters have a definite shape, distinct boundaries, and fixed volumes.
  • Have negligible compressibility.
  • Solids have a tendency to maintain their shape when subjected to outside force.
  • Solids may break due to the force but it is difficult to change their shape, so they are rigid.
  • They can easily be stretched i.e., changes their shape when force is applied and regains when it is removed.

LIQUID STATE

  • All the matters which do not have any fixed shape but do have a fixed volume.
  • They have the tendency to take up the shape of the container in which they are kept, so they are not rigid but can be fluid.
  • The liquid particles move freely and have greater space between each other as compared to the solid particles so, the liquid has a higher rate of diffusion as compared to the solids.

GASEOUS STATE

  • Gases are highly compressible as compare to solids and liquids.
  • Due to high compressibility and a large volume of gas, it can be compressed into a small cylinder and can be transported easily.
  • Due to the high speed of particles and large space between them, gases show the property of diffusing fast into other gases.

CHANGES IN STATE OF MATTER – 

  • EFFECT OF CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE

  • EFFECT OF CHANGE OF PRESSURE –

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